The inventories of intangible cultural heritage carried out by the LEEM of the University of Laval (Quebec) attempt to identify Quebec’s ethnological resources through new means of communication and dissemination, especially through multimedia databases. Consequently, these new digital technologies facilitate the conservation of cultural expressions since they participate in their transmission; by doing so, they thoroughly modify anthropologists’ and ethnologists’ methods of investigation. The difficulty is to achieve the required balance between the importance of the expertise and the role given to communities according to a method of reformulation and reappropriation of the fields by the populations themselves, as desired by UNESCO’s Convention on Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003).